Fusarium and Verticillium fungi are widespread potatoes diseases and persist several years in soil.
To reduce populations of these fungi is necessary a long crop rotation (4 to 6 years).

Avoid using any solanaceous crop (potato, tomato, pepper, eggplant) in the rotation. In case of Verticillium wilt also avoids the use of strawberries and raspberries, which are highly susceptible.
Rotate with cereals and grasses wherever possible.
It is important to keep rotational crops weed-free. As there are many weeds hosts of Verticillium.

Whenever practical, remove and destroy infested potato plant material after harvest.
Maintain a high level of plant vigour with appropriate fertilization and irrigation, but do not over-irrigate, especially early in the season.
If soils are severely infested, production of potatoes crops may not be possible unless soil fumigation is an option.

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Scab is a common tuber defect in most potato-growing regions, although usually not where soils are very acid. The causal organism has been introduced into most potato soils. It affects only quality, not yield.

Symptoms of Common scab

Several types of lesions develop. They may be superficial or reticular, deep or pitted, or protuberant. They vary in size and shape, but are usually circular and not more than 10 mm in diameter. They may coalesce so that most of the tuber surface becomes affected. Fibrous roots may also be damaged.

Management

Maintain high soil water levels compatible with good potato growth during tuber set and enlargement. Avoid planting scabby seed tubers. Avoid repeated crops of potato or other scab-susceptible plants such as red beet, sugarbeet, radish, rutabaga, turnip, carrot, and parsnip (in these, the disease seldom has economic importance).
Scab-resistant varieties are useful. Maintain soil pH levels at 5 to 5.2 with acid-forming fertilizers or sulfur.
Avoid heavy lime applications and preferably use dolomitic lime where needed. “Acid scab” may be controlled with chemical seed treatments (mancozeb dust, 8%) or soil fumigation.

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Sepedonicus Bacterial ring rot is a recurring disease problem in temperate regions.
It occasionally appears in tropical countries when seed from temperate regions is used, and can be confused with brown rot.

Symptoms of Ring Rot potatoes disease

Symptoms usually appear mid-season or later and include wilting (often of only some stems of a plant). Lower leaves become flaccid, with a pale yellow color between major veins. An upward rolling of leaf margins may occur, and death may soon follow.
Stem and tuber sections show brown vascular rings that, when squeezed, may exude bacterial ooze. Most of the tuber vascular ring rots and turns either gray, yellowish, tan, or reddish brown. However, secondary organisms may cause a soft rot. Tuber infection can be confused with bacterial wilt (or brown rot), except that oozing around the eyes does not occur.
Ring rot is mainly a seed tuber-transmitted disease. It survives in volunteer potato plants. The bacterium does not survive in the soil but may be carried on tools, machinery, crates, and bags.

Management

Plant only disease-free seed. Eliminate volunteers in the field before planting clean stock. Follow strict sanitation practices and disinfest bins, equipment, tools, and crates. Use new bags. Plant entire (not cut) seed tubers.

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Symptoms of Blackleg and Soft Rot

Blackleg can occur at any stage of development when moisture is excessive. Black, slimy lesions most often progress up the stem from the soft, rotted mother tuber. New tubers sometimes rot at the stolon end. Young plants are commonly stunted and erect.

Yellowing and upward rolling of leaflets may occur, often followed by wilting and death.

Soft rot bacteria may infect lenticels when tuber surfaces are wet, causing circular depressed areas, from which rot may spread rapidly while tubers are in transit or storage. Soft rot in the field or in storage often follows mechanical tuber injury or injury caused by pests and diseases. Affected tissues become wet and cream to tan colour and soft, and are easily separated from healthy tissue.

Management

Avoid planting in wet soils and do not over irrigate. Harvest tubers when ripe, handle them gently, and do not leave them exposed to sun. Tubers must be dry prior to storage or shipping. Some varieties are more resistant than others.

Blackleg can occur at any stage of development when moisture is excessive. Black, slimy lesions most often progress up the stem from the soft, rotted mother tuber. New tubers sometimes rot at the stolon end. Young plants are commonly stunted and erect.
Yellowing and upward rolling of leaflets may occur, often followed by wilting and death.
Soft rot bacteria may infect lenticels when tuber surfaces are wet, causing circular depressed areas, from which rot may spread rapidly while tubers are in transit or storage. Soft rot in the field or in storage often follows mechanical tuber injury or injury caused by pests and diseases. Affected tissues become wet and cream to tan colour and soft, and are easily separated from healthy tissue.

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